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Topic: Another Test, 10 questions
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7. A tempo is to play with a extra time, ie after you made a capture, the opponent is usually forced to recapture giving you the opportunity to seize some sort of iniative.
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| Inaki wrote: 4. Siamise chess is something known in Polish as "kloc", played by two teams of two, you can give captured pieces to your partner, well it's a bit more complicated and I don't like it personally. |
Ah. I've only ever heard that called `bughouse'.
| 7. Tempo is the right (and obligation) to move |
No. That sounds more like `zugzwang'.
Tempo is hard to explain. It is, most literally, `time' but in the sense of moves made, rather than time on the clock. For example, in Marshall's defence in the queen's gambit declined,
White has `gained a tempo' by making a useful move (4.e4) that forces Black to respond rather than make a useful move himself. As such, the term is closely related to `initiative' but that term is usually only used when one player spends several moves responding to his opponent's threats rather than carrying out his own plans.
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Finally we are getting somewhere.
First a small explanition on question No.8.
This match in 84 was interrupted by Florencio Campomanes, the FIDE president that days, because of serious health problems from Anatoly Karpov and planned a rematch for Gary Kasparov the next year, without candidate-matches.
At that moment Karpov was in the lead by 5-3 and 40 draws, and need just one more victory. The following happened:
1.Kasparov accepted the offer from Campomanes because he was 2 points behind.
2.Karpov did not ask for cancellation of the match, he ask fo a 1 month break as he lost already 16.7 kg. weight during the match.
3.Campomanes made a solo-decision without conculting the members of the board.
4.The members of the board didn,t agree with his decision and just wanted to postpone the match. They even called it a dirty play from Campomanes/Kasparov, although he came back from a 5-0 arrears.
5.But everybody home, end of the story.
Karpov was in the lead and remained with the title. In many lists it is called a victory of Karpov.
You could say I did ask a question in which the answer is doubtfull. As well Twinigo/Richerby as RayDuque3 have reasons.
1 point for all 
4.Siamese Chess has many names, Bughouse Chess (correct Richerby), Exchange Chess, Double Chess, Swap Chess and Tandem Chess. Inaki gave the right answer, but as he said, there is more to it.
4 players, 2 boards, 2 clocks, playing chess as two teams. Captured pieces are handed over to the partner, who can replace them on his board, counted as a move. Restrictions are:
a) You are not allowed add a pawn on the last two rows with the intention to promote directly or the next move.
b) You are not allowed to add a captured piece that way your opponent is in check.
c) You cannot promote a pawn into a piece you haven,t got. (no rooks upside down,there are never more then 2 queens of the same colour in play)
Inaki doesn,t like it, I think it is a lot of fun.....if played with the clock like blitz (max.10 min.)
7.Richerby gave a perfect example above. Black looses "a Tempo" because he has the play the Knight again, and well this way that black looses a move.
(David is also right about "Zugswang", that is the german term for "a forced move")
11.Ray Duque III, by razoman.
(sorry Ray, it was not my intention to call you an old man, I wanted to say retired. My tagalog is not very good yet, but iI am learning.)
ONLY OPEN QUESTIONS
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6.The juniorchamps who became world champion.
One has been mentioned, 1980 Kasparov.
I give one more clue, the dates; 1955, 1969, 1987
5.Checkmate in two:
W: Kg2 Qh5 Rf1 Rh2 Bh7 Nc1 Nc7 e2 f3
B: Kf4 Re8 Rf8 Bd8 Bg8 c4 c5
Can,t give a clue here. Is anyone trying anyway? It is so quiet 
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As far as I remember neither of the players was satisfied with the decision made by Campomanes - Kasparov has vividly protested - he thought he could win the match because Karpov was in a really bad shape. Writing that Kasparov accepted the offer from Campomanes is inaccurate in that way that there was no offer, Campomanes had not asked anyone's opinion, nor consent, so Kasparov (and Karpov) had no other choice.
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| kloosterveen wrote: This match in 84 was interrupted by Florencio Campomanes, the FIDE president that days, because of serious health problems from Anatoly Karpov |
Alleged health problems for Karpov.
| 1.Kasparov accepted the offer from Campomanes because he was 2 points behind. |
Citation? Kasparov has always said that he was very much against stopping the match. I believe he even interrupted the press conference at which it was announced that the match had been terminated with agreement of the players.
5.But everybody home, end of the story.
Karpov was in the lead and remained with the title. In many lists it is called a victory of Karpov. |
The match was officially abandoned without result. Karpov was ahead at the time but he did not win the match.
| 1 point for all |
Very kind. 
| (David is also right about "Zugswang", that is the german term for "a forced move") |
That's not quite what zugzwang means. Zugzwang is a situation in which is is a disadvantage for a player to have the move. For example, in the position
Black is in Zugzwang. It is his move and his only legal move (1... Ke7) loses. On the other hand, White to move can only draw so you could say that Black's problem is not his position but the fact that he has the move. Positions where this argument applies to both players are called mutual Zugzwang: for example,
Whoever has the move loses.
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